Bs 9999 escape distances between places

Guidance is given on designing the building structure and covers: the elements of a structure; fire resistance; compartmentation; openings; materials and finishes; external fire spread; ancillary accommodation to the main use of the building; and engineering services. Guidance is also given on the provision of access and facilities for firefighting, and covers such areas as: firefighting shafts; firefighting stairs and lifts; vehicle access; water supplies for fire and rescue service use; heat and smoke control; and communications systems for fire and rescue service use.

An illustration: travel distances The different approach provided by BS can be illustrated by considering how guidance for means of escape travel distances is provided. The standard initially establishes a package of minimum fire protection measures, including travel distances. The maximum travel distance when minimum fire protection measures are provided is given against the appropriate risk profile, as shown in table 4. Using an A2 risk profile as an illustration, a two-way travel distance of 55m is allowed; by fitting sprinklers, the risk is lowered and the risk profile is changed to A1, so the maximum length of two-way travel allowed is increased to 65m.

Depending on the type of occupancy and level of management within the building, the provision of an automatic detection and alarm system, primarily utilising smoke detectors and incorporating an informative warning system such as a voice alarm, thereby increasing the time available, might allow longer travel distances and narrower doors. This flexibility is only appropriate when a full account is taken of the risk presented.

However the guidance also establishes maximum travel distances when additional fire protection measures are provided table 5. At the time he said we should decommission the fire escape as its unsafe , provided we upgraded the ceilings in the basement to 2 hours compartmentation, updated the basement doors to half hour fire doors, carry out additional staff training and put a fire escape plan on the back of the bedroom doors as this would reduce the risk and extend the travel distance from 18 meters.

About 2 weeks ago we had a visit from a different fire officer to carry out an audit of the fire risk assessment. The fire officer disagreed with his colleague and the risk assessor. He measured the travel distance to be 21 to 22 meters from the furthest point on the top floor of the building. The property comprises of a basement, ground, first and second floor.

The Guest House accommodates 21 guests and has L2 Fire alarm system in place with sounders in every room. Half hour fire doors are in place to all rooms apart from the boiler room that has a 1 hour door and the en-suite bathrooms that are standard doors.

We have a 5 year periodic electrical assessment certificate for the hard wiring, a fire alarm and emergency lighting certificate, the firefighting equipment extinguishers and fire blanket is tested every 12 months and a gas certificate every 12 months. There is an emergency escape plan in place and a Personal Emergency Evacuation Plan. We do a fire drill every 6 months. I have read through the sleeping accommodation guide book at great length and it does say where the risk can be reduced the travel distances can be extended but there is nothing definitive in there that I could go back to the fire officer with.

The book does say were a fire alarm is in place the travel distance can be extended but he disagrees as he said guest houses need to have a fire alarm. I have spoken to the professional who produced the fire risk assessment since the last fire officer visit but he has advised asking to speak to a superior or getting a solicitor involved which will probably be expensive.

I would like to know is the fire officer being reasonable in asking us to reinstate the external fire escape? If you think he is can anyone point me in the direction of a good source of supporting information so I can maybe change his mind or his superior. Are there any other steps we can take to reduce the risk I know its probably difficult to say just by reading a few paragraphs.

Reinstating the fire escape is going to cost a lot of money and after the last few years of trading during covid its not the best timing.

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This is a high level document which sets out the processes and procedures to be applied when adopting a fire engineered solution for a building. It is used primarily by experts in the field. The increasing knowledge of fire behaviour and the obvious limitations of the Approved Document approach to fire precautions has made it clear for some time that there was scope for another approach which would sit between that publication and the fire engineering approach.

The result has been the creation of BS , Code of practice for fire safety in the design, management and use of buildings, published in October , following a ten-year development period. Whilst prescriptive, the new Code allows the user to vary the solutions required to meet the provisions of the Building Regulations according to the particular circumstances of the building. It promotes a more flexible approach to fire safety design through use of structured risk-based design where designers can take account of varying human factors.

Nevertheless, it is understood that, after April , all references to BS will be withdrawn from the Approved Document, a development which will probably accelerate the widespread adoption of the new standard. One of the most obvious changes in BS involves structural fire resistance requirements, and this is generally good news for the steel construction sector. The Approved Document generally required 60 minutes fire resistance for buildings up to 18m in height; 90 minutes for buildings between 18 and 30m and minutes plus a sprinkler system for buildings over 30m in height.

Some reductions are allowed in these ratings for buildings under 30m where sprinklers are installed but these are not usually cost effective and are rarely invoked. That option is still available in BS but it is complemented by an alternative approach which classifies buildings according to a risk profile based on occupancy, fire growth rate, ventilation conditions and height. There are limitations on the buildings on which this approach can be used, based on ventilation area, but it is expected that few buildings will be excluded.

The maximum travel distance when minimum fire protection measures are provided is given against the appropriate risk profile, as shown in table 4. Using an A2 risk profile as an illustration, a two-way travel distance of 55m is allowed; by fitting sprinklers, the risk is lowered and the risk profile is changed to A1, so the maximum length of two-way travel allowed is increased to 65m.

Depending on the type of occupancy and level of management within the building, the provision of an automatic detection and alarm system, primarily utilising smoke detectors and incorporating an informative warning system such as a voice alarm, thereby increasing the time available, might allow longer travel distances and narrower doors.

This flexibility is only appropriate when a full account is taken of the risk presented. However the guidance also establishes maximum travel distances when additional fire protection measures are provided table 5. So no matter what additional measures you provide, there is an absolute limit beyond which the standard does not allow you to stray. This really is a case of a different philosophy — a totally different approach to previous standards.

For some it will take some getting used to, but for many it is already providing them with room to manoeuvre in a structured environment. As Dave Berry explains, the standard provides a structured approach to risk based design where varying physical and human factors can be taken into account.

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